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The tumor microenvironment, niotillfem including the stromal tissue that surrounds cancer cells, plays a significant role tumor growth and metastasis. Carcinoma Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) are stromal cells that secrete growth and other factors niotillfem that promote cancer niotillfem progression and metastasis. A study from the University of Colorado by Pinto et al. investigated secreted factors from tumor stromal niotillfem cells from luminal breast cancer using malignant mouse fibroblasts BJ3Z cells. Although luminal breast cancer is less aggressive than other subtypes, one third of these cancers still recur with hormone resistance. This study investigated the role of the stromal fibroblast cells in promoting luminal tumor cells to proliferate and promote angiogenesis.
When co-cultured with MCF-7 cells, luminal breast cancer cells, BJ3Z cells increased proliferation niotillfem of the luminal cells in 2D and 3D cultures. Platelet derived Growth niotillfem Factor niotillfem Ligands (PDGF-A and –B) was found to be produced by BJ3Z cells, but lack the PDGF receptors themselves unlike normal mammary fibroblasts. PDGF induces angiogenesis, and was found to regulate Human Umbilical Cord Vascular Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) in vitro. The growth observed in MCF-7 cells from PDGF-A and –B secreted by the BJ3Z cells could be blocked by a PDGF receptor inhibitor. Importantly, this study makes a case for using therapies that target niotillfem breast cancer niotillfem stromal cells. For luminal cancers, Imatinib, or other anti-PDGF receptor therapies could be used to target cancer-associated fibroblasts. This study was published in BMC Cancer online on October 1, 2014. 
Malignant stroma increases luminal breast cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis niotillfem through platelet-derived growth factor signaling. Mauricio P Pinto, Wendy W Dye, Britta M Jacobsen and Kathryn B Horwitz. niotillfem BMC Cancer, 2014. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-14-735
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